Living Breakwaters reduces risk, revives ecologies, and connects educators to the shoreline, inspiring a new generation of harbor stewards and a more resilient region over time.īreakwaters are rocky sloped walls placed within the water column that can drastically dissipate destructive wave energy. Moving forward, we can foster a vibrant water-based culture, invest in our students, shoreline ecologies and economies, and Tottenville can claim the mantle as the Town the reef re-built. Tottenville, the site of our proposed Phase One pilot, was once known as “the Town the Oyster Built.” During Sandy, lives were tragically lost, and homes and parks were severely damaged. Our approach is especially suited to Staten Island’s south shore, but it is also replicable in other waterfront communities faced with the similar duality of risk and opportunity presented by their connection to the water. Through the Billion Oyster Project and an associated network of programmed water hubs, local schools will be empowered with science, recreation, education, and access. This living infrastructure will be paired with social resiliency frameworks in adjacent neighborhoods. We have designed “reef street” micro-pockets of habitat complexity to host finfish, shellfish, and lobsters, and also modeled the breakwater system at a macro scale to understand how and where they can most effectively protect communities. Rather than create a wall between people and water, our project embraces the water, increases awareness of risk, and steps down that risk with a necklace of breakwaters to buffer against wave damage, flooding and erosion. Staten Island sits at the mouth of the New York Bight, and is vulnerable to wave action and erosion. The Living Breakwaters project reduces risk, revives ecologies, and connects educators to the shoreline, inspiring a new generation of harbor stewards and a more resilient region over time. Philip Orton / Stevens Institute of Technology, Ocean & Coastal Consultants, SeArc Ecological Consulting, LOT-EK, MTWTF, The Harbor School and Paul Greenberg trapezoidal caissons and dual cylinder caissons are introduced with the present states of their developments.SCAPE/LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE with Parsons Brinckerhoff, Dr. In the paper, several new breakwater structures such as sloping top caissons, multi-scelluar, caissons, curved slit caissons, wave power extracting caissons. In particular, necessity of constructing breakwaters in deep and rough seas results in the marked increase of the cost, and demands the development of new economical breakwater structures. On the other hand, changes of surrounding conditions related to breakwater constructions are recently emerging. In particular, experimental data on the transformation of irregular waves transmitted behind a breakwater during the propagation are newly presented. In the paper, the hydraulic characteristics of those conventional breakwaters are first described including already established formulae. Mixed type breakwaters of which the upright sections are covered with wave dissipating concrete blocks are also popular in Japan. The major structure type of breakwaters in Japan is a mixed type which consists of a rubble mound foundation and an upright section. Hydraulic Engineering Division Breakwaters Laboratory Katsutoshi TANIMOTO,Shigeo TAKAHASHI,Katsutoshi KIMURA
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